Lycopene, the carotenoid pigment responsible for the deep red colour of tomatoes, has received increasing attention due to its reported beneficial effects. Lycopene may provide protection against cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases. The mechanisms by which lycopene exerts its action is related to its high antioxidant activity. Lycopene is easily absorbed and is naturally present in human plasma and tissues in higher concentrations than the other carotenoids.
Lutein, a key ingredient in eye health supplements, is a powerful antioxidant and carotenoid known for its benefits. A vital nutrient, lutein helps filter blue light and supports visual acuity, making it essential for maintaining healthy vision throughout life. Lutein is a xanthophyll carotenoid, yellow pigment found in a wide variety of plant foods, especially in dark-green leafy vegetables, such as kale, spinach, turnip greens and carrots.
Zeaxanthin extract from marigold flowers lowers the risk of cataract development reduces the risk of eye disorders and promotes overall eye health. It is one of the two primary xanthophyll carotenoids found in the human eye, specifically in the retina and macula. It plays a crucial role in protecting the eyes from the harmful effects of light-induced oxidative damage.
Astaxanthin is a red pigment from the carotenoid family, naturally found in certain algae, and responsible for the pink-red coloration in salmon. As an antioxidant, astaxanthin may help protect cells from damage and potentially enhance immune system function. It is commonly used for various purposes such as Alzheimer's disease, athletic performance, aging skin, and exercise-induced muscle soreness, among others. However, there is currently no strong scientific evidence to support these uses.
Beta-carotene belongs to a group of coloured pigments called carotenoids. It is considered as a provitamin A carotenoid, meaning that the body can convert it into vitamin A (retinol). Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects help to protect cells from damage..